Le Rôle Du Fichier De Documentation Berbère Dans Le Recueil Et L’établissement Des Corpus Dans La Région De Mekla (kabylie)

Résumé: Acḥal n yiseggasen mbeɛd timunnent n Lezzayer, mazal yettbini-d later umnekcam afṛansis. Ay-agi nettwali-t s waṭas deg uḥric n uselmed, akked yiγerbazen i d-ğğan, ama d wid n Yimrabḍen d Temṛabḍin iṛumyen ama d wiyid. Imrabḍen d Temṛabḍin iṛumyen xedmen aṭas n tezrawin deg temnaḍin ansi ɛeddan, deg tneẓruft d tmura n Leqbayel, deg waṭas n yiḥricen yemgaraden. Deg tmurt n Leqbayel, snulfan-d tasγunt FDB deg useggas 1946 anda i d-suffuγen ayen ttarun d wayen i d-gemren d tezrawin xedmen. Tasγunt FDB gar isemliyen imezwura i d-igemren ammuden yettwarun s tmaziγt, s teqbaylit, deg yiḥricen yemgaraden. Nefren asentel-agi axaṭar ulac aṭas n tezrawin deg uḥric-agi n tesnilest, nebγa diγen ad neḥrez, ad as-nerr azal i tutlayt d yidles, d tgemmi-nneγ akken ad nḥareb fell-asen. Deg tezrawt-nneγ nebγa ad d-nesken ma yella yezmer ad tili tesγunt FDB d aγbalu n wammuden yettwarun i nezmer ad nezrew deg uḥric n tesnilest n wammud. Akken ad d-nerr γef tmukrist-agi, nefka-d turda: tasγunt FDB d ammud s wazal-is i nezmer ad nessesmel deg wammuden imeqqranen n teqbaylit. Akken ad nexdem tasleḍt-nneγ amek i ilqa, neḍfer tamuγli n Firth (1957) i yettwalin akken tafyirt ur tesɛi ara azal berra n tegnit n tmenna-ines, ama dayen icudden γer umezruy, γer wadeg neγ γer yedles; akked Sinclair (1991) i yettwalin akken aslaḍ asnilsan ilaq ad yili γef wammuden meqqren. Deg unadi-nneγ ad d-nesken akken ammud i d-yeffeγen deg tasγunt FDB deg temnaḍt n Meqleɛ, d ammud s wazal-is, i nezmer ad nesleḍ deg weḥric n tesnilest n wammud. Tazrawt-nneγ tudef deg uḥric n tesnilest n wammud, yiwen seg yiḥricen n tesnilest, d taγult izerrewen tisetwal d uγsur n wegmar n wammud. Deg unadi-nneγ, nessexdem snat n tarrayin n unadi : Tasmektant akken ad d-nefk asuṭṭen n wammuden yettwagemren deg Meqleɛ, d usesmel n wammud-agi d taggayin γef leḥsab n yiḥricen yellan.Adiwenni azgenusrid akked semmus n yinelmaden d tnelmadin n Yimrabḍen d Temṛabḍin iṛumyen, kra deg-sen xedmen γur-sen mi fukken leqraya-nsen. Deg unadi-nneγ nufa-d kra n wuguren am lexsas n tugniwin d yidlisen i d-yettmeslayen γef uɛeddi n Yimrabḍen d Temṛabḍin iṛumyen di Lğemɛa n Ssariğ. Amahil-nneγ yebḍa γef kraḍ n yixfawen: Deg yixef amenzu, nessenked-d annar n unadi-nneγ, imselγuyen-nneγ d temkarḍit n Yimṛabḍen Iṛumyen n Tizi Wezzu; nessenked-d diγen tasγunt FDB, snulfant-id Yimṛabḍen Iṛumyen deg useggas 1946, yessuffuγ-it-id DALLET seg useggas 1946 almi 1972. Deg tasγunt FDB gemren-d ammuden deg waṭas n temnaḍin, yal tamnaḍt s tantala-ines i uran; γer leqbayel nufa-d 284 n yimagraden, Γadames 2 n yimagraden, Imẓabiyen 45 n yimagraden, Wargla 26 n yimagraden. Iḍrisen yellan deg tasγunt FDB ttwarun s tmaziγt (s teqbaylit deg temnaḍt n leqbayel), kra deg-sen xedmen-asen tasuqilt γer tefṛansist. Tira n teqbaylit i sxedmen seg mi bdan asufeγ n wayen i ttarun temgarad , gar 1946-1972 sxedmen ukkuẓ n tira, mgaradent gar-asent. Deg yixef wis sin nemmeslay-d γef uɛeddi n Yimrabḍen d Temṛabḍin iṛumyen deg taddart Lğemɛa n Ssariğ, γef umezruy n taddart-agi d yiγerbazen yettwabnan dinna ama d wid n Yimrabḍen d Temṛabḍin iṛumyen ama d wiyiḍ. Imezwura i d-ikecmen γer taddart-agi qqaren-asen les Jésuites, kecmen-d deg useggas 1873, xedmen aγebaz dinna maca ur ɛeṭṭlen ara ruḥen, deg useggas 1881. Syin akkin kecmen-d Yimrabḍen iṛumyen deg useggas 1882, Timṛabḍin deg useggas 1887. Ttɛawanen at taddart, ttdawin-ten, ttruḥen ula γer tudrin niḍen i as-d-yezzin i Lğemɛa n Ssariğ. Bnan iγerbazen, win n Yimrabḍen deg useggas 1883, win n Temṛabḍin deg useggas 1889. Mačči ala iγerbazen-agi kan i yellan, llan wid n ddewla: lakul n teḥdayin yeldi deg useggas 1939, lakul n warrac yeldi deg useggas 1937, lakul izemmuren.Timṛabḍin iṛumyen ldint tidukla iwumi semmant taγrast n leqbayel (La Ruche de Kabylie), sselmadent lexyaḍa, ayen yeɛnan takuzint, d tutlayt tafṛansist. Llan mraw n yigelfan di tmurt n leqbayel, aglaf n Lğemɛa n Ssariğ isem-is aglaf azegzaw (l’essaim bleu) Ssufγent-d kraḍ n yidlisen n ccna deg yiseggasen: 1949, 1951, 1961; akked tesγunt, tesɛa 175 n wuṭṭunen. Imṛabḍen d Temṛabḍin ruḥen deg useggas 1976. Deg yixef wis kraḍ nesleḍ ammud yettwarun deg tasγunt FDB. Deg tazwara nefka-d asuṭṭen n wammud-agi; syin akkin nessenked-d n ammud yettwagemren deg temnaḍt n Meqleɛ; deg taggara nemmeslay-d γef taggayin d yisental yellan deg wammud akked usideg arakal-nsent Isalen yellan di tesγunt FDB: - Uṭṭun n tesγnunt; - Azemz; - Azwel n uḍris (ma yesɛa tasuqilt ad yili s tefransist d teqbaylit) - F ma yella d tameṭṭut i d-yuran ; - H ma d argaz i d-yuran ; - Adeg anda i d-gemren ayen i d-uran; - K tamurt n leqbayel, tuddar niḍen neγ timdinin yura s akk isekkilen ; - Isem n umyaru Deg tmurt n leqbayel llan 275 n yimagraden, deg temnaḍt n Meqleɛ 23 (8.36% γef wayen yettwarun anda niḍen); deg At Fṛawsen: 14, At Xlili: 5; At Bucɛayeb: 4. Ammud-agi nebḍa-t γef 11 n taggayin, γef leḥsab n yismawen i asen-fkan wid i ten-yuran, gar taggayin nufa-d: isefra, timucuha, amezruy… Tuget n wammud i d-gemren deg Meqleɛ yura s teqbaylit, rrant γer tefransist, 7 uran s teqbaylit kan (wid yuran gar 1946-1947), sin uran-ten s tefransist. Γef leḥsab n yigmaḍ uγur nessaweḍ, tasγunt FDB d ammud yesɛan azal meqqren i zemren ad sxedmen yimnadiyen deg yiḥricen yemgaraden: tasnilest, tasekla d tγerma

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