"evaluation Chimique Et Activite Antidermatophyte De Quelques Plantes Medicinales D’algerie "

Résumé: "The use of plants or their extracts could be an excellent alternative to the problem of resistance to antifungals. In view to find plant extracts with antidermatophytic activity, leaves of Lawsonia inermis L., Pistacia lentiscus L. and bark of Juglans regia L., were soaked in ethanol. The hydroalcoholic extracts were fractionated successively with petroleum ether, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and 1butanol. Extracts and fractions of the three plants were subjected to phytochemical screening, by standard method, which has revealed their rich in flavonoids, tannins, sterols, terpenoids and saponins. Spectral analysis has shown molecules of nature: Flavonol, Flavone, Chalcone, Aurone or Isoflavone present in all the extracts. By methods of incorporation in solid medium and broth dilution, the evaluation of antidermatophyte activity was compared with that of Griseofulvin. At a concentration of 35mg/ml, the three plants LIN, JRE and PLE have shown antifungal activity against all of the selected strains. The hydroalcoholic extract of Lawsonia inermis L. was the most active (P < 0.01) with an inhibition diameter of 18.87 ± 0.58 mm and a MIC = 0.034 mg / ml for Candida albicans. The extract of Pistcia lentiscus L. was the most active on Trichophyton mentagrophyte (P < 0.01) by inducing an inhibition diameter of 17 ± 1.00 mm and a MIC = 0.068 mg / ml; Similarly, for Microsporum canis (P < 0.01) with an inhibition zone of 16.67 ± 0.58 mm. The extract of Juglans regia L. has developed a significant antifungal activity on Candida albicans compared to other tested strains. The antifungal effect of the three extracts on the Trichophyton rubrum strain has been significantly comparable (P < 0.01). Fractionation produced by FIFO with organic solvents of increasing polarity has not improved antidermatophytic activity. Only Candida albicans was sensitive to tested phases of the extracts. The results of this study justify the traditional use of the extracts of LIN, JRE and PLE in the treatment of dermatoses and candidiasis. So these plants should be protected and valued."

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