Etude De La Pyrale Des Dattes Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Zeller.,1839, Dans La Région De M’ghaier (algérie), Infestation,cycle De Développement Et Essai Bio Insecticide

Résumé: The date moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae, infests date both in the field, on date palms and the proliferation continuing during storage. Chemical interventions have failed until today an effective protection of the date production because of the biology and feeding behavior of this pest. The larvae of this moth, feeding and developing, inside the date where they are protected there. This work aims to study the fluctuations of adult’s flight, development cycle and monitoring of laying and infestation rate on three varieties at high market value which are, Deglet Nour,r Degla beida and Ghars in the region of El Meghaier during date campaigns of 2011, 2012 and 2013 years. In the quest for new substances from vegetable origin as alternative to the chemical control, leafs extracts of plants; Peganum harmala, Cleome arabica and Daphne gnidium were tested against different development stage of E. ceratoniae. Monitoring fluctuations of adults flight using pheromone traps, allowed us to detected two main flight periods; one in spring and other in fall responsible for the dates attack and other host fruits by E. ceratoniae. The individuals captured in summer appear to be the rough outline of fall generation and those which are captured in winter seem to be the rough outline of partial generation that will be completed its development cycle next year, its mean the spring generation. Monitoring of laying and infestation rates, shows that Deglet Nour variety is the most attacked than Degla Beida and Ghars varieties and Tmar stage is the most attacked than whatever the variety. The study of life cycle average indicates that duration of life cycle on Deglet Nour is longer than duration of life cycle on Degla beida. The biological control, show that P. harmala and C. arabica essential oils have ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal activities. The date moth is more sensitive to C. arabica essential oils than P. harmala essential oils while the results of treatment by aqueous extracts of plants tested show that the date moth is more sensitive to P. harmala aqueous extract than C. arabica and D. gnidium aqueous extracts. The contact treatment is more effective than ingestion treatment whatever the aqueous extract used.

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