الصلات التجارية بين ممالك السودان الغربي والدولة الرستمية 296-160 هـ /776-909م

Résumé: Sub-Saharan Africa was known in the intermediate period in the countries of Sudan, and this is through historians and travelers of that period, as it opened up to the Islamic world and established political and economic relations, and this thanks to the paths and methods of strength of the commercial relationship between the two parties. Sijilmasa was the gate to western Sudan and an entrance to it. It was also known as the point of contact between the two parties. Through it, there were obstacles that intercepted merchants and the caravans passing through them, such as the road sector, which poses a danger in addition to the scarcity of water. The commercial center represented an important role in consolidating this relationship that brought the two parties together as markets for merchants and the supply of caravans with supplies and commercial materials. The merchants also adopted various systems where the testimony of these exchanges Trade between the kingdoms of Western Sudan and the Rustamid state is a dense and diversified activity that resulted in the diversity of commodities, and this had a great impact on the prosperity of trade, and this resulted in economic, social and religious repercussions.

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