Etude D’un Matériau Composite À Base Polymère-sable En Zone Aride

Résumé: The plastic is the most used man-made material in the world through their specific characteristics. It is very useful in different areas such as medicine, industry and construction. Unfortunately after the use are thrown in nature. Their accumulation poses an environmental problem because the duration of their decomposition is very long. Several solutions have been proposed for the disposal of plastic waste for example the incineration. Unfortunately this solution is not ecological, because these burned quantities produce several types of toxic products. While the valorization of plastic waste by the integrated in the manufacture of new composite materials is a partial environmental solution that will reduce the rate of plastic waste incineration or landfill. The objective of this thesis is the preservation of the environment through the use of high density polyethylene recycled as a binder in the production of polymer tiles / polymer roof tiles intended to replace traditional construction materials such as clay and cement while meeting the requirements of the standards. This new polymer tile / polymer roof tile consists of a recycled high density polyethylene melted and mixed with a variable proportion of dune sand (variation between 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% by weight). An experimental test program was conducted to evaluate the physical properties (the density and the water absorption), mechanical properties (the flexural strength) and durability properties (the resistance to abrasion of unglazed composite and the chemical resistance).The results show that the water absorption ratio varies from 1.11 and 1.57%, the polymer composite has a light density, an acceptable flexural strength, a good resistance to abrasion resistance, a perfect chemical resistance. This research has demonstrated that this type of composite polymer could prove to be a flooring and wall covering with the desired characteristics. The composite polymer with 70% of (HDPER) gives the better results than the other proportion (best quality). It is well known that high density polyethylene has higher performance characteristics than recycled high density polyethylene. An additive experimental work is designed to study the influence of replacing the recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPER) by Polyethylene noble high density (HDPEN) 5502 degree on the physical andmechanical characteristics of the composite tile polymer / polymer composite roof tiles. The results obtained show that the total replacement of recycled high-density polyethylene (HDPER) by high-grade polyethylene (HDPEN) grade 5502 in the manufacture of polymer tiles / polymer composite roof tiles improves only the resistance to breaking load and the abrasion resistance.

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