Étude De L'effet De La Nature Du Catalyseur Hétérogène Dérivé De La Biomasse Saharienne Sur Le Rendement De La Trans-estérification

Résumé: Biodiesel, considered as a solution to replace petrodiesel, and because of its négative effects on the environnement and humane health. One of the main problème associated with the industrial développement of biodiesel is the source of raw matériel as well as the transformation process. Thus, the aim of the present study is to find a source of sustainable raw material for the industrial production of biodiesel and to master the technique of transformation of the raw material, the most appropriate, as well as the best operating conditions. Researchers in this field are currently woking on replacing the use of chemical catalysts (KOH and NaOH) in the transestrification process with biocatalysts which would eliminate fuel-related problems in the future. In this work we studied the transesterification (production of biodiesel) of cooking oil (waste oil) and vegetable oil using different types of catalysts derived from several substrates of vegetable origin (kernels of Balanite « Balanites aegyptiaca »). The catalysts were prepared by calcination at a well determined température. The catalysts prepared were used for the transesterification of waste oil and vegetable oil with the aim of determining the most efficient catalyst in relation to the yield of biodiesel. After selecting the best catalyst, we optimized the concentration of the latter. The biodiesel produced has been characterized by measuring its density, viscosity, refractive index as well as by Infrared. The results obtained show that the best catalyst is the one derived from date seeds variety Teggaza. The optimal concentration of the catalyst is 9%, at this concentration the biodiesel obtained at a yield of 96°/° and characteristics meet the international standards ASTM.

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