État Des Lieux Du Cancer Du Col De L’utérus Dans La Région Ouest D’algérie

Résumé: Cervical cancer is the 4th gynecological cancer in the world, it develops as a result of the presence and persistence of the infection with the high risk human papillomavirus "HPV-HR" recognized as one of the most frequent sexually transmitted infections, this virus is associated with other factors that contribute to the process of carcinogenesis. This pathology takes several years to develop, therefore it is relatively easy to prevent and therefore justifies screening. To date, the 2 most used methods for prevention in Algeria are the HPV test and the cervico-uterine smear test « Pap test ». The aim of our study was to highlight the clinical and histological profile but also to determine the risk factors (cofactors) involved in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer at some patients living in the wilaya of Oran, and for this we conducted two retrospective studies to detect these risk factors and to demonstrate the techniques used for diagnosis and prevention : RT-PCR and anatomopathological study. The results of our study confirm that early sexual activity, multiparity and early menarche are risk factors with a major role in the development of cervical cancer. Algerian patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and this is due to the lack of screening. Cervical cancer is therefore a real public health problem in Algeria. This is why these results must be completed by other studies carried out on large cohorts in order to really establish the main risk factors and it would be more than judicious to promote awareness campaigns concerning prevention and to integrate a vaccination program in Algeria among young girls.

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