Enseignement De Tamazight : Etude Critique De L’enseignement Du Lexique Au Primaire.

Résumé: Tamaziɣt d tutlayt i ttmeslayen yimezdaɣ n tefriqt n ugafa, ɣas akken tesɛa tira-s, maca teqqim kan di timawit i watas n leqrun, tesɛa assaɣen ukked tutlayin nniḍen tiberraniyin am taɛrabt d tefransist, anekcum-agi yegla d s ubeddel n tutlayt-agi. ɣas akken tamaziɣt tekcem deg uselmed, ulamma tuɣal d tutlayt taɣelnawt, d tunṣibt, maca ur teṭṭif ara amkan i as-iwulmen ama deg uɣerbaz ama di tmetti, imi ar ass-a n wussan mazzal ur tt-qqaren ara ukk deg yiɣerbazen n tmurt akken ma llan, imi diɣen ulac-itt deg warraten unṣiben Deg unadi-agi i nexdem ɣef umawal aɣurbiz i yellan deg udlisfus n uɣerbaz amenzu, neɛreḍ ad d-nerr ɣef usteqsi-agi: mayella amawal n udlisfus n uswir amenzu iwulen i yinelmaden iqbayliyen d yiɛerbawalen? Nefka-d kra n turdiwin am akken d tiririyin ɣef tmukrist, akken ad yishil uxeddim-nneɣ: nettwali d akken yezmer ad yili di tasnarayt yettwasensen neɣ amawal n udlisfus yugaren aswir n yinelmaden imecṭaḥ, akken yezmer ad yili diɣen asemres n umawal agi yerra ɣer rrif inelmaden iɛerbawalen. I wakken ad d-nerr ɣef usteqsi-nneɣ netbeɛ snat n tarrayin: -nexdem amseqsi yesɛan azal n 34 n yisteqsiyen yeɛnan, iselmaden, inelmaden, amawal, d tarrayin n uselmed, seg-sen ara d-nefren ayen i ɣef nettnadi -si tama nniḍen nessekles adiwenni ger-aneɣ d kra n yinelmaden n uswir amenzu i wakken ad d-iban akken iwata ma yella lexṣaṣ. Deg tezrawt-nneɣ, nebḍa axeddim-agi ɣef sin n yiḥricen; deg umezwaru nefka-d tamuɣli tamzrayt ɣef uselmed n tutlayt n tmaziɣt s umata, akked tarrayin n uselmed yemgaraden, ma deg uḥric wis sin nexdem tasleḍt i wayen i d-negmer seg tririyin-nni s ɣur iselmaden d udiwenni d yinelmaden, akken nexdem diɣen tabadut i kra n wawalen igeǧdanen. Deg umahil-agi nneɣ, newwi-d awal ɣef umawal aɣurbiz n uswir amezwaru, asustem-nneɣ ɣef umserti n umawal i ssexdamen yinelmaden deg udlisfus. I wakken ad nselken turdiwin-nneɣ, newwi lwelha-nneɣ ɣer uslaḍ n yimseqsiyen d udiwenni i aɣ-yessawḍen ɣer yigemmaḍ-a: Seg yimseqsiyen i nefreq ɣef yiselmaden, yemxallafen seg temnaḍt ɣer tayeḍ, Draɛ Ben Xedda d Meqleɛ, nufa-d belli : di Draɛ Ben Xedda amawal i ssemrasen ur iwata ara inelmaden n uswir amezwaru anact-agi d ayen i d-mmalen yigemmaḍ-agi: “Afham n umawal”, nejmeɛ-d azal n 25% n ih n yiselmaden i d-yennan belli inelmaden-nsen ur fehmen ara amawal-agi, d ayen i ten-yeǧǧan ur zmiren-ara ad xedmen afares s tira, d ayen i nwala deg ugummuḍ yeɛnan asteqsi-agi “ mayella zemren ad d-arun”, 25% n ih diɣen ma di Meqleɛ ayen yeɛnan sin-agi n yisteqsiyen iɛeddan igemmaḍ d wid yemxallafen s waṭas (70%, 85%) Ayen yeɛnan awalem n umawal i yinelmaden, deg temnaḍt n Draɛ Ben Xedda nejmeɛ-d agemmuḍ d amecṭuh, hala 15% n yiselmaden i d-yennan ih maca deg temnaḍt n Meqleɛ, agemmuḍ d win meqqren s 55%, deg tegnit am ta,s yimemmaḍ am wigi, ur nezmir ara ad nesnerni tutlayt-agi deg temnaḍin n waɛraben imi ɣas akken Draɛ Ben Xedda ur telli ara d tamnaḍt taɛerbawalt.  Inelmaden n temnaḍt n Draɛ Ben Xedda ttafen-d uguren deg ufhan n umawal i ssexdamen deg yiluɣma yellan deg yidlisen d ayen i d-yemmal ugummuḍ-a, 15% ɣef waya imawlan n yinelmaden cetkayen seg wakken zemren ad ɛawnen arraw-nsen deg yiluɣma n tutlayin nniḍen maca di tmaziɣt ur zmiren ara, ma di Meqleɛ agummuḍ d win yufraren s waṭas (90%) imi inelmaden n temnaḍt-a d leqbayel ukk. Akken i nwala seg yigemmaḍ n tririyin n yiselmaden iseddawiyen yellan deg wannar, adlisfus-agi s wacu i nesɣrar tamaziɣt ur yezmir ad iwulen i yinelmaden n tmurt-nneɣ akken ma llan, am akken diɣen ur nezmir ara ad nexdem sin n yidlisen (yiwen i yiqbayliyen wayeḍ i waɛraben) axaṭer di yiwet n tesmilt zemren ad ilin yinelmaden xelḍen, ihi tifrat d asefsusi n umawal ɣef yinelmaden ma nebɣa ad nesnerni tutlayt-agi.  ɣer taggara nezmer ad d-nin belli amawal-agi n udlisfus yessabɛad inelmaden d yimawlan-nsen ɣef tutlayt-agi ur nezmir ad tnerni ma iruḥ-as umkan-is deg uɣerbaz. I wakken ad tifsus taɛkemt ɣef yinelmaden ladɣa iɛerbawalen, akken ad ssiwḍen ad fehmen, ad smersen amawal n tmaziɣt akken iwata, ama deg uxxam, ama di berra, ilaq aɣerbaz ad yili ɣer yidis-nsen d uɛawen-nsen, imi annar amezwazu-nsen i ulmud n tutlayt-agi d aɣerbaz, ɣef waya adlisfus yesɛa azal d ameqqran, neɛreḍ ad d-nefk kra n yisummar i nwala zemren ad d-awi kra n lfayda i yinelmaden gar-asen: Tikci n wazal u usefru, imi inelmaden ladɣa iɛerbawalen ttraǧun armud-agi s lferḥ d ameqqran, ayen i asen-yessishilen alqaḍ d uḥfaḍ n umawal imi teddun d tmeɣrut i d-yeslalayen deg-sen lḥir akken ad nadin lmeɛna n wawalen d usemres-nsen deg umeslay-nsen n yal ass. Tukksa n kra n temsirin d yisenfaren meqqren ur neddi ara d leɛmer wala d uswir amenzu am amyag n tɣara, urmir ussid, izri anibaw neɣ aglam n wadeg i weqcic amecṭuḥ. Ajbad n lwelha n yinelmaden s yisenfaren yeddan d wayen ḥemmlen. Asemres n yiniten imi inelmaden hemmlen ay-agi s tugniwin icebḥen Aseqdec n yiluɣma s tarrayt n wurar, imi deg uswir amenzu agrud mazzal-it mecṭuḥ, mazzal-it ad yurar. Tuɣalin ɣer tarrayt taqdimt n uselmed “adiwenni s tugniwin”, deg tugnatin am tigi, yal anelmad ad d-yemmeslay, ad yelmed seg umeddakkel-is ugar n wayen ad as-yefk uselmad. Ilaq ad nefk tagnit i unelmad ad d-yemmeslay, ad d-yefk array-is ɣef wayen yettwali di tɣawsiwin i t-yeɛnan neɣ tid yerzan timetti.

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