ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูู‚ู‡ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†
2021
Mรฉmoire de Master
Droit Et Sciences Politiques

Universitรฉ Mohamed Boudiaf - M'sila

ู…
ู…ูŠู…ูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠุฏ -\TุฑุญุงุจูŠ ุนู…ุงุฑ

Rรฉsumรฉ: ุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุนู…ุฑูŠู€ุฉ ูŠุชุนู„ู€ู‚ ุจุณู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุญุณุงุณุฉ ูˆ ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ ูˆ ุณู†ู€ู€ู‡ ูŠุฎุชู„ู€ู ู…ู† ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูˆ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู€ู€ู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ู‡ูˆ ุฃุฎุทู€ุฑ ุทูู€ู„ ุนุฑุถุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ูˆ ู„ู„ู…ุฌุชู…ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุน ุŒ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูˆู„ุชู‡ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณู„ุงู…ูŠุฉ ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ุง ูุงุฆู‚ุง ูˆ ุญุซุช ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุนุงูŠุชู‡ ูˆ ุญุฐุฑุช ู…ู† ุชุฌุงูˆุฒ ุญู‚ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ูˆู‚ู‡ ูุฐูƒู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุฑู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุฒ ูˆ ุฌู„ ุฃุฑุจุน ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงุซู†ุชูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุณูˆุฑุฉ ุงุดุชู…ู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃูŠุฉุŒ ูˆ ู…ู€ู€ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุชู…ุนู€ู† ููŠ ุงู„ุขูŠุงุช ู†ุฌุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ู„ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู‡ ุนุฒ ูˆ ุฌู„ ุฃุนุทู‰ ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ุง ูˆุงุณุนุง ู„ู„ุทูู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู„. ูˆ ู†ู‡ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ู‡ุฑ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ูˆ ุญู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุซ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุจู‡ ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑู‡ ูุงู‚ู€ุฏ ู„ู…ุนูŠู„ู€ู€ู€ู‡ ูˆ ู„ูˆุงู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฃุญุฏู‡ู…ุง ููŠูƒูˆู† ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ . ู†ุฌุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุงุชูุงู‚ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุนู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุงุช ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฐุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅุณู„ุงู…ูŠุฉ ุญู‚ูˆู‚ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ูˆ ูƒุฑุณุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุจู†ูˆุฏ ูˆ ู…ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ูˆุงุฏ ุนู…ู„ู€ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุจุจู‚ุงุฆู‡ ุญู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ูŠุง ูˆ ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ู‚ุชู„ู‡ ูˆ ู†ุตุช ุนู„ู‰ ุญุถุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ูˆ ุชูˆููŠู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุฑ ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุจุฏูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนูˆุถู‡ ุนู† ุฃุณุฑุชู‡ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูู‚ุฏู‡ู€ู€ุง ูู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุฌู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุŒ ูˆ ุฅู† ู„ู… ุชูˆุฌู€ุฏ ูุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุชุชูƒูู„ ุจู‡ ูˆ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูˆุถุนู‡ ููŠ ุฏูŠุงุฑ ูˆ ู…ุคุณุณุงุช ูˆ ุฌู…ุนูŠุงุช ุชูƒูู„ ุจุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุง ู‚ุฑุฑ ุชุณู„ูŠู… ุงู„ุทูู„ ู„ู„ุญุงุถู† ูˆ ุฅู…ุชู†ุน ุนู† ุชุณู„ูŠู…ู‡ ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ู„ู„ุนู‚ูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฑุฑุฉ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ุง ุŒุญุถุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ูู‚ุฉ ุชุดู…ู„ ุงู„ุบุฐุงุก ูˆ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุณูˆุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุณูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ุฅู…ุชู†ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุน ุงู„ู‚ุงุฆู… ุจู‡ุง ูŠุชุนู€ู€ู€ุฑุถ ู„ู„ุนู‚ูˆุจุฉ ูƒู…ุง ุฃู† ุชู€ุฑูƒ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ูˆ ุฅู‡ู…ุงู„ู‡ ูˆ ุชุนุฑูŠุถู‡ ู„ู„ุฎุทุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุฑุถ ูŠุชุนุงู‚ุจ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ุง ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ู†ุต ุนู„ู‰ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ ุชู…ุซู„ุช ููŠ ู‡ูŠุฆุฉ ูˆุทู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ู…ุตุงู„ุญ ุงู„ูˆุณู€ู€ุท ุงู„ู…ูุชูˆุญ ุชุนู…ู€ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑุถ ู„ู„ุฎุทุฑ ูƒุงู„ุงุณุชุบู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ู…ุฏู†ูŠุง ูˆุฌุฒุงุฆูŠุง ูˆ ู…ู†ุน ุชุนุฑูŠุถู‡ู…ุง ู„ู„ุฎุทุฑ ูƒู…ุง ู†ู€ุต ุนู„ู‰ ุญู…ุงูŠู€ู€ุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู€ู€ู€ู€ู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ุจุชู…ูƒูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง ูˆ ุฅุฌุจุงุฑู‡ู…ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ูู‡ูˆ ุญู‚ ู…ูƒููˆู„ุง ุฏุณุชูˆุฑูŠุง ูˆ ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู€ู… ู…ุฌุงู†ุง ุฃูŠ ุจุฏูุน ู…ุจู„ุบ ุฑู…ุฒูŠ ูุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุชูƒูู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจู…ู†ุญู‡ู…ุง ู…ู†ุญู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ู€ุฉ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู€ู€ู€ู€ุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ู€ุจ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠุฉ ูˆ ูŠู‚ู€ู ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจู‡ู…ุง ุฑุฌู€ู€ุงู„ ุณุฎุฑู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนุฒ ูˆ ุฌู„ ู„ุฎุฏู…ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุชุงู…ู‰ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ุทุงุก ุจุชูˆููŠู€ู€ู€ุฑ ู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ุจุงุณ ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠุฉ . ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ูู‚ุฏ ุญุธู€ุฑ ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ููƒู„ ู…ู† ูŠุนุงุฑุถ ุฐู„ู€ูƒ ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ู„ุนู‚ูˆุจุฉ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท ู‚ุถุงุกุง . ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ูุชุงุญูŠุฉ: ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู… - ุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท โ€“ ุงู„ุทูู„โ€“ ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆูŠุฉ- ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ. Abstract: Childhood is an age stage related to its age, which is considered a sensitive and dangerous stage, and its age varies from one country to another. The orphan and foundling child is the most dangerous child exposed to dangers and to society. Therefore, Islamic Sharia gave him great attention and urged his care and warned against violating his rights, so God Almighty and Majestic reminded him Twenty-four times in twelve surahs that contain twenty-three verses, and by examining the verses, we find that God, the Mighty and Sublime, gave extensive attention to the child. And he forbade subjugating the orphan and foundling and urged attention to him as he has lost his breadwinner, his parents, or one of them, so he needs care. We find that international conventions and Arab legislation have taken from Islamic Sharia the rights of the orphan child and enshrined them in articles and articles that worked to protect the child by keeping him alive and criminalizing his killing. Families, and if not, the state takes care of him by placing him in homes, institutions and associations that take care of the orphan and foundling. In the event that he decides to hand the child to the custodian and refuses to hand him over, he is subject to the legally prescribed penalty. The custody of the orphan and foundling child needs an expense that includes food and treatment And clothing and housing, if the person in charge refrains from it, shall be subject to punishment, as well as leaving the orphan and foundling child, neglecting and exposing him to danger, and the disease is punishable by law because the law stipulates social protection represented by a National Commission for Childhood and the interests of an open environment work to protect the child at risk such as sexual exploitation and child protection It also stipulates the protection of the orphan and foundling child by empowering them and forcing them to learn, as it is a right guaranteed by constitution. He made education free, i.e. by paying a symbolic amount. The state guarantees this by granting them a school grant along with school supplies, and men who have been subjugated by God Almighty to serve orphans and foundlings by providing them with clothes and school supplies stand by their side. In addition to health and education, child labor is prohibited. Anyone who opposes this is subject to the judicial punishment of protecting the orphan and foundling child. Key words: orphan - foundling - child - criminal protection - civil protection.

Mots-clรจs:

ุงู„ูŠุชูŠู…
ุงู„ู„ู‚ูŠุท
ุงู„ุทูู„โ€“ ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุงุฆูŠุฉ
ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฏู†ูŠุฉ
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