Frequency Of Peripheral Artery Disease In Association With Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-sectional Monocentric Study In Eastern Algeria

Résumé: Introduction. Patients with both Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) have a worse cardiovascular prognosis. It, therefore, seems interesting to detect this association, in particular by measuring the ankle-brachial systolic pressure index (ABI) which is a simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive way with a significant diagnostic input that can detect silent but threatening lesions. It can also identify a subgroup of patients with coronary artery disease at a higher cardiovascular risk requiring more specific management. Aims. Estimate the frequency of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in patients with Coronary Artery Disease CAD who were recruited at the department of cardiology at the university hospital of Constantine. This study also aims to detect the risk factors of this association. Patients and methods. Our study is descriptive, cross-sectional, single-centered in cardiovascular exploration units of the regional military university hospital of Constantine. The included subjects had at least one significant coronary lesion in a major coronary artery using radial Coronary angiography. Guided medical history and a cardiovascular clinical examination preceded the measurement of the ABI for each patient. PAD was defined by an ABI of less than 0.90 in one of the four distal arteries of the two lower limbs. Data were analyzed and processed by Epi-Info Statistics V7. Results. 300 coronary patients, the average age of 61 years, mostly males, took part in the study. The frequency of the combination of PAD and coronary artery disease was 34.7% using the ABI, asymptomatic in 18% of cases. independent factors of the association were: Age≥ 65 [aOR 3,67, P <0,0001], tobacco [aOR 4,10, P<0,002], diabetes [aOR 3,48, P<0,0001] , AHT [aOR 3,30, P<0,0001], dyslipidemia [aOR 2.32, P<0,009], inactivity [aOR 2,14, P<0,015] , stroke [aOR 6,4, P<0,015] and severe coronary impairment [aOR 2,36, P<0,015]. Conclusion. ABI, in addition to being an early detection tool for PAD, its dissemination in medical practice would help in the approach and refinement of vascular risk in coronary heart patients

Publié dans la revue: Batna Journal of Medical Sciences