Contribution À L'étude Phytochimique Des Alcaloïdes De Deux Plantes Médicinales Du Sahara Algérien

Résumé: Abstract: Medicinal plants are now an essential source for the discovery of new bio molecules, very effective against many diseases. In this context we are interested in the study of two endemic plants in the Algerian Sahara, Salvia chudaei Batt. & Trab (Lamiaceae) and Deverra scoparia Coss & Dur (Apiaceae), because of their frequent uses in folk medicine. The alkaloids are extracted by soxhlet. The mass yield of the crude alkaloids of S. chudaei is of the order of 0.1%. While, D. scoparia recorded a 1% yield. TLC chromatographic analyzes using several systems reveal that the crude alkaloids of the plants studied showed the presence of chemical groups likely to be l'Ajmaline and Raubasine. This remarkable diversity of alkaloids makes it possible to hope for a broad spectrum of biological activities. The study of the antidiabetic activity of the extracts concerns the in vitro determination of their inhibitory powers of the α-amylase enzyme. The results showed that Salvia alkaloids has an important α-amylase inhibitory power with IC50 equal to 0.02 mg/ml compared to Deverra IC50 is 0.067 mg/ml and acarbose as a positive control their IC50 equal to 0.063 mg/ml. The study of antifungal activity against Fusarium culmorum, Candida albicans IPA 200, Aspergillus carbonarius M333, Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 3174, Mucor ramannianus NRRL 1829 and Aspergillus brasiliensus ATCC 16404, confirmed that both plants have a great ability to inhibit growth. microbial concentrations, the minimum concentrations of inhibition ranged from 0.8 to 0.08 mg / ml for S. chudaei. While, D. scoparia has been recorded a MIC between 0.5 and 0.05 mg /ml.

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