التحليل الفيتوكيميائي و دراسة النشاطية البيولوجية لبعض المخلفات النباتية ) قشور الرمان، قشور الليمون، قشور البرتقال (

Résumé: Plant extracts represent an important source of bioactive compounds that may be effective in medical and industrial applications. This study aims to evaluate the biological efficacy of extracts from pomegranate peels (DPP), orange peels (DOP), and lemon peels (DLP). Aqueous extracts were prepared from the aforementioned fruit peels. Phytochemical analysis was conducted along with the assessment of antioxidant activity using TAC, DPPH, and FRAP assays, and antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additionally, the impact of the extracts on glucose uptake by yeast cells and the inhibition of Proteinase K activity using casein agar was evaluated. The results showed that the DPP extract contained the highest levels of flavonoids and phenols, enhancing its antioxidant effectiveness. Both DPP and DOP extracts exhibited strong activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while their effect on Escherichia coli was less pronounced. In the glucose uptake assay, the DPP extract demonstrated a greater capacity to enhance glucose uptake compared to DOP and DLP extracts. Regarding Proteinase K activity, DOP and DPP extracts did not affect the enzyme, whereas the DLP extract showed a significant inhibitory effect. These findings indicate that the fruit peel extracts, especially pomegranate peels, contain active compounds that can be utilized in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of these extracts make them promising candidates for the development of natural health products. Additionally, their ability to improve glucose uptake suggests potential use as adjunct therapies for type 2 diabetes.

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